Vaagbhata’s Classification of Drugs (31 Groups)
1.Vamanaoushadhagana (Emetics)
Madana, Madhuka (Yashtimadhu), Lambaa (Tumbee), Nimba, Bimbee, Visaalaa (Indravarunee), Trapusa, Kutaja, Moorvaa, Devadaalee, Krimighna (Vidangam), Vidula (Jalavetasa). Dahana (Chitraka), Chitraa (Mooshikaparnee), Kosavatyou (ghantaalikaa, and Dhaamaargava), Karanja, Kanaa (Pippalee), Lavana (Saindhavalavana) Vachaa, Elaa and Sarshapa are used as emetics.
2.Virechanaoushdhagana (Purgatives)
Nikumbha (Dantee), Kumbha (Trivruth), Thriphalaa, Gavaakshee (Visaalaa), Snuk, Sankhinee (Yavatiktaa), Neelinee, Tilwaka (Rodhra), Samyaaka (Aaragwadha), Kampillaka, Hemadugdhaa, (Swarnaksheeree), Dugdham (Milk), Mootram (urine of cow etc) are used as purgatives.
3.Niroohana Dravyagana
Madanaphala, Kutaja (Twak), Kushtam, Devadaalee, Madhukam, Vachaa, Dasamoola, (See page Susruta’s classification of drugs), Daaru (Devadaaru), Raasnaa, Yava, Misi (Satapushpaa), Kritavedhanam (Dhaamaargava), Kuluththa, Madhu (honey), Lavanam (Saindhavam) and Trivruth are useful as ingredients of Niroohavasti.
4.Seershavirechaneeyagana
Vella (Vidanga), Apaamaarga, Vyosha (Trikatukam), Daarvee (Daaruharidraa), Suraalaa (Sreshta Sarjarasa), Saireeshabeeja, Baarhatabeeja (Brihatibeeja), Saigravambeejam (Sigrubeeja), Maadhooka Saara (Madhupushpasaara), Saindhavam, Taarkshyasailam (Sushkarasaanjanam), Trutyou (Sookshma Elaa and Sthoola Ela), and Prithveekaa (Hingupatree) are used for Seershavirechana (Sodhana Nasya).
5. Vaataharaganas
Bhadradaaru, Natam (Tagaram), Kushtam, Dasamoolam (See page Susruta’s classification of drugs) and Balaadwaya (Balaa and Atibala) constitute Bhadradaarwaadigana. The Bhadradaarwaadigana, Veeratarwaadigana and the Vidaaryadi gana (both of which follow) check Vaayu.
6. Pittaharaganas
Doorwaa, Anantaa (Yavaasa), Nimba, Vaasaa, Aatmaguptaa (Kapikachchu), Gundraa (Padrakaha), Abheeru (Sataavaree), Seetapaakee (Kaakanamtikaabheda) and Priyangu (Syaamaa) constitute Doorwaadigana which checks Pitta. So also Saaliparnee and Prisniparnee) Padmam (lotus), Vanyam (Kutannatam) and the Saaribaadi gana ameliorate pitta).
7. Kaphaharaganas
Aaragwadhaadi Gana, Arkaadi Gana, Mushkakaadi Gana, Asanaadi Gana, Surasaadi gana, Mustaadi gana and Vatsakaadi gana ameliorate Kapha Dosha.
8. Jeevaneeyaadi Gana
Jeevanthee, Kaakolee, Ksheerakaakolee, Medaa, Mahamedaa, Mudgaparnee, Maashaaparnee, Rishabhaka, Jeevaka and Madhuka (Yashtimadhu) constitute Jeevaneeyaadi gana. (The name of the gana itself implies that it confers vitality, (i.e., it is life-giving).
9. Vidaaryaadi Gana
Vidaaree, Panchaangula, (Eranda), Vrischikaalee (Meshasringee), Vrischeeva (Kshudravarshaabhoo), Devaahvaya (Devadaaru), two kinds of Soorpaparnee (Mudgaparnee and Maasaparnee), Kandookaree (Kapikachooh) Jeevana Panchamoolam (Abheeru, Veeraa, Jeevantee, Jeevaka and Rishabhaka), Hraswapanchamoolam (Brihatee, Kantakaree, Saalaparnee, Prisniparnee and Gokshuraka), Gopasutaa (Saaribaa) and Tripaadee (Hamsapadee) constitute Vidyaaryaadi gana.
The Vidaaryaadi gana is hridya (pleasing), Brimhana (tissue-builder), and it ameliorates Vaata and Pitta besides checking Sosha (wasting), Gulma (tumour), Angamarda (bodily soreness), Oordhwaswaasa (a kind of hard-breathing), and Kaasa (cough).
10. Saaribaadi Gana
Saaribaa, Useeram, Kaasmarya, Madhooka, Sisiradwayam (Chandanam and Raktachandanam), Yashtee (Yeshtimadhu) and Parooshakam constitute Saaribaadigana which ameliorate Daaha (burning sensation), Pitta, Rakta (disorders of), thirst and Jwara (fever.)
11. Padmaakadi Gana
Padmakam, Pundra (Prapoundareekam, Vriddhi, (Sraavanee), Tugaa (Vamsalochanaa), Riddhi (Mahaasraavanee), Sringee (Karkatasringee), Amritaa (Gudooc hee) and the drugs constituting Jeewantyaadi gana (aforesaid constitute Padmakaadi gana.
The ingredients of Padmakaadi gana increase the breast-milk, ameliorate the vitiated Pitta, cause satisfaction (Preenana), promote life (Jeevana) and build tissues (Brimhana); they are aphrodisiacs (Vrishya).
12. Parooshakaadi Gana
Parooshakam, Varaa (Triphala), Draakshaa, Katphalam, Katakaphalam, Raajaahvam (Aaragwadha), Daadimam, Saaka (Kharachchadam) constitute Parooshakaadi gana which ameliorates thirst, diseases pertaining to urine (Mootraamaya) and Vaata.
13. Anjanaadi Gana
Anjanam (Srotonjanam or Souveeraanjanam), Phalinee (Priyangu), Maamsee (Krishnajataa), Padmam (Lotus), Utpalam (Lily), Rasaanjanam, Elaa, Madhukam (Yashtimadhu), Naagaahvam (Naagakesaram) constitute Anjanaadi gana which ameliorates Visha (poison), Antardaaha (internal burning sensation), and Pitta.
14. Patolaadi Gana
Patola, Katurohinee, Chandanam, Madhusravaa (Surangee), Gudoochee and Paathaa constitute Patolaadi gana which checks Kapha, Pitta, Kushta, Jwara, Visha, Vami (Vomiting), Arochaka and Kaamalaa (Jaundice).
15. Gudoochyaadi Gana
Gudoochee, Padmaka, Arista (Nimba), Dhanakaa, (Dhaanyaka) and Raktachandanam constitute Gudoochyaadi Gana which ameliorates Pitta, Kapha, Jwara, Vomiting, burning sensation, and thirst; it promotes appetite.
